Albbet kirks



A. KIRKS.

RIVET.

Patented June 12, 1888.

4(No Model.)

No. 584,318l

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UNITED Srl-@Es 'PATENT EEicE.

ALBERT KIRKS, OF CANTON, OHIO, ASSIGNOR TO THE DIEBOLD SAFE AND LOOK COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

RIVET.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 384,318, dated .Tune 12, 1888.

Application lcd November 29, 1887. Serial No. 256,449. (No model.)

To ait whom it may concern.-

Be it known that l, ALnEnfr Krans, a citizen of theUnited States, and a resident of Oanton, county of Stark, State of Ohio, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Riveis for Safes and Jails, of which the following is afull, clear,and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, making part of this specification.

My invention relates to an improvement in the manufacture of burglar proof safes and jails; and it consists in providing rivets having a hardened-steel center portion anda softiron outside portion, constructed as hereinafter described, and set forth in the claims.

Figure l is an isometrieal View ofa portion of lattice-Werl; for jails, illustrating the use of my improved rivet. Fig. 2 is a View, partly sectional, of a portion of jail-Work, illustrating a further use of my invention. Fig. 3 is a view, partly sectional, of a corner portion of jail or safe work, showing the rivet in position. Fig. 4 is a vertical sectional View of a portion ofthe rivet-bar. Fig. 5 is same view of a rivet, showing a portion of thesteel center removed. Fig. 6 is same View of a rivet, showing the heads of rivet as formed in the work. Fig. 7 is a sectional view showing a. Wedge-shaped portion of steel set in the head. Fig. S is a sectional view of a soft-iron rivet having a central perforation in which is scoured a hardened-steel center.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all ofthe figures ofthe drawings.

A represents a bar of metal of any desired diameter. Said bar is composed of a softiron portion, B, encircling a steel central portion, C, the proportion of which maybe arranged as desired, preferably in third. The rivet-head l) may be of any of the usual forms and made in the usual way, after which aportion of the central steel portion is removed, as shown at E, Fig. 5, by drilling, leaving the soft-iron portion E stand, as shown in Fig. 5, after which the rivet is heated and the steel hardened by use of Water, or in any of the Wellknown and approved Ways of hardening steel. The rivet is then placed in a countersunk perforation, as shown at G, Fig. l, the hardenedsteel center extending just about through the parts to be riveted together, as shown at H, Fig. l, after which the soft-iron end J is riveted down over the end of the steel center, lilling the countersink and forming the head as shown at K, placing the head l) always at the exposed side, whether it be ou the inside or outside of the jail-cell.

The object is to construct a. rivet that eaunot be drilled out. The jail-bars L haring a 6o hardened-steel center, M, as shown at N, Fig.

l, and the rivets a hardenedsteel center will prevent the destruction of the structure by the usual methods.

ln Fig. is illustrated a modification of my invention, showing a centrally-located Wedgeshaped piece of steel, l?, welded into the head Q of the rivet and hardened. Y

Fig. Sshows afurther modification of my invention and illustrates a soft-iron rivet, B, 7o`

having a central perforation, S, into which a hardened piece of steel, T, is driven, the object of which, as hereinbefore stated, is to prevent the drilling out of the rivets.

Having described the nature and objeetof my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure, is-

1. A rivet having an outside portion of soft iron, embracing a central portion of hardened steel, a portion of which has been removed be- 8o fore hardening, substantially as described,and for the purpose set forth.

2. A rivet having an outside portion of soft iron, embracing a central portion of steel having one head formed by upsetting the iron and steel, the other formed of the soft iron over the end of the steel, substantially as described, and for the purpose set forth.

3. A rivet having a Wedge of steel welded in head thereof and hardened, substantially as 9o described, and for the purpose set forth.

4. A rivet, preferably of soft iron, having a central perforation and hardened-steel pin driven in said perforation, substantially as described, and for the purpose set forth.

In testi mon y whereof I have hereunto set my hand this 26th day of November, A. D. 1887.

ALBERT KIRKS.

Witnesses:

Crus. R. MILLER, XV. K. MILLER. 

